Xerox
Lacks transparency. Publishes some details, but doesn't show its workers are paid and treated fairly.
Last researched 3 November 2026 · 7 sources
US printing company selling office printers.
There's no proof Xerox pays more than the legal minimum, which in China is below a living wage, and it doesn't name the factories its Responsible Business Alliance audits cover.
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Why it's graded Lacks transparency
- Not met: Meets 1 of 6 Good requirements.
- Holds the grade back: It doesn't show that workers are paid a living wage, and isn't certified as working towards one. On Track needs at least one of these.
- It isn't Harm on record: the most serious problem on its record (forced labour, last recorded in 2024) was found by its own checks and is being fixed.
- Lacks transparency is still a poor grade: in supply chains like this, workers who can't be seen to be treated fairly are usually underpaid or unprotected.
- Checks its own supply chain. Xerox looks for problems in its own supply chain and publishes what it finds. It found forced labour in 2024 and is fixing it, so it doesn't count against the grade. It's listed below under Confirmed issues.
Good requirements 1 of 6
- Not met: Pays a living wage, or holds a strong fair-pay certificationLiving wage: no evidence
- Not met: Respects worker rightsMost of its products are made in countries such as China and Malaysia, where unions are heavily restricted, and it has no full supply chain audit.
- Not met: Supply chain independently audited or certified, or at least 80% made in countries with strong labour standards
- Met: No child or forced labour findings it isn't fixingIts own checks found forced labour, which it is fixing. That's listed below and doesn't count against the grade.
- Not met: Names the factories or farms that make its products, or is fully certified by a scheme that holds and audits that list
- Not met: Traces its cobalt, gold and other conflict minerals to the mine
Red flags 2
- Red flag: No evidence it pays a living wage
- Red flag: Made mostly in countries with poor worker rights, without a full independent audit of its supply chain
Stars it would earn as Good
None yet. Stars only show on Good companies. About stars
Where it's made
From press and retailer reports; Xerox doesn't say where its products are made. The rest is shown as where electronics are usually made.
| Country | Worker rights | Legal minimum wage | Forced labour risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | No guarantee of rights | Below a living wage | Moderate |
| Vietnam | Systematic violations | Well below a living wage | Moderate |
| Mexico | Regular violations | Below a living wage | Moderate |
| United States | Systematic violations | Below a living wage | Low |
| TaiwanUsual for the industry | Strong protections | Close to a living wage | Low |
| MalaysiaUsual for the industry | No guarantee of rights | Below a living wage | Moderate |
| South KoreaUsual for the industry | No guarantee of rights | Close to a living wage | Low |
| IndiaUsual for the industry | No guarantee of rights | Well below a living wage | High |
Evidence
What we found
- Risk across the industry, not a finding about this company: cobalt, tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold mining carry child and forced labour risk (DR Congo, Indonesia), and assembly overtime is widespread. (partly offset by certification or direct sourcing)
- Modern slavery statement
- Publishes its mineral smelter list and uses independently audited smelters (RMAP) for tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold
- Uses high-risk raw materials such as tanned leather, mica or artisanal gold.
- It publishes its smelters or uses some recycled or responsibly mined metals, but can't yet trace its cobalt and gold to the mine.
Research notes Xerox makes toner and components in its own US plants and printers and supplies at Lexmark's plant in Juárez, Mexico, but outsources a large share of manufacturing. Its biggest supplier, Fujifilm Business Innovation, builds many Xerox machines and makes printers in Shenzhen, China, and Hai Phong, Vietnam. No country split or supplier list is published. An RBA member, it audited 12 major production suppliers in 2024 and publishes its smelter list (63% RMAP-conformant). No living wage commitment was found. No shares are stated, so the countries carry no split.
What independent sources say
| Source | Result | Details |
|---|---|---|
| UK Modern Slavery Statement Registry | Listed | Xerox files statements under the UK Modern Slavery Act, the latest in 2026. View |
| Baptist World Aid Ethical Fashion Report | Not listed | Xerox was not rated in Baptist World Aid's last Electronics Industry Report (2016); the series has ended. View |
Confirmed issues 1
Only confirmed problems are listed, and old ones drop off after 10 to 15 years. A problem the company has fully put right no longer counts against it, and nor does one it finds and is fixing itself. How problems are counted
| Last recorded | What happened | Made amends? |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | Xerox's 2024 supplier assessments found one nonconformance posing a potential forced labour risk (Xerox Canada forced labour report, 2025). Source · search the archiveFound and being fixed by the company Not counted against the grade while the company is actively fixing it, because it found and published it itself. | PartlyXerox says the supplier fixed it through a corrective action plan with root cause analysis; no remedy for workers is described. |
Sources and actions
Sources 7
Show all 7 sources
- Xerox Holdings Corp Form 10-K FY2025 · search the archive · Own plants in Webster NY and Juárez, Mexico; material outsourcing; Fujifilm Business Innovation largest sourcing partner; about 22,900 staff
- Xerox Conflict Minerals Report 2024 (Form SD) · search the archive · RBA and RMI member; 233 of 371 smelters (62.8%) RMAP-conformant; full smelter list published
- FUJIFILM Business Innovation group companies · search the archive · Fujifilm makes multifunction devices and printers in Hai Phong, Vietnam, and Shenzhen, China
- Xerox, Fujifilm reach manufacturing accord (ENX Magazine, 2023) · search the archive · Five-year deal for Fujifilm to make Xerox models; about US$1.17bn a year spent on Fujifilm-made products
- Xerox printers (Officeworks) · search the archive · Officeworks sells Xerox printers in Australia
Published by Xerox or its owner
- Xerox Canada Fighting Against Forced Labour and Child Labour in Supply Chains Act Report FY2024 · search the archive · RBA member since 2008; 17 supplier SAQs in 2024; one potential forced labour nonconformance fixed by corrective action plan
- Supplier Governance (Xerox) · search the archive · RBA Code as supplier code; 12 major production suppliers audited in 2024; no supplier list
Company details
- Owned by
- Xerox Holdings Corporation
- Headquarters
- United States
- Employees
- About 22,900
- Last researched
- 3 November 2026
- Cite this page
- Labour Lens, "Is Xerox ethical? Labour rating", https://www.labourlens.net/brand/xerox, last researched 3 November 2026, accessed [date].
- Method
- Researched with AI assistance against published rules. How we check · What Lacks transparency means
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Something missing or wrong?
Grades are opinions based on the evidence listed here. Send us evidence, or a right of reply if you represent Xerox.